Author(s):
1. Milena Radenković, University of Niš Faculty of Medicine, Serbia
2. Sanja Stojanović, University of Niš Faculty of Medicine, Serbia
3. Stevo Najman, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Serbia

Abstract:
Abstract: There are numerous different in vivo testing models used for preclinical assessment of biomaterial biocompatibility and for studying tissue regeneration. The ectopic subcutaneous implantation model in mice and rats is one of the most widely used models for preclinical testing of tissue response to biomaterials. Bone tissue injuries are often studied using orthotopic models of artificial bone defects. The aim of this study is to provide a comparative overview of different animal implantation models used to evaluate the biocompatibility of biomaterials intended for bone tissue engineering applications. The ectopic subcutaneous implantation model can provide information on biomaterial biocompatibility, tissue response, the ability to induce angiogenesis and osteogenesis, as well as the level and time of bioresorption of the biomaterials. Ectopic implantation models of bone substitutes provide a simple approach for assessing tissue integration and biomaterial biocompatibility in the physiological environment, but they lack the biological influences of bone factors from the bone which could modulate the osteogenic process. On the other hand, studies of orthotopic implantation models of calvaria, jawbones, and long bones (most commonly tibia or femur) defects allow the examination of biomaterials under the mechanical and biological conditions that exist in bone tissue. In calvaria defects, the biomaterial comes into contact with a poorly developed vascular network of bone, while in defects made to full depth in long bones, the biomaterial has direct contact with the bone marrow. The mentioned differences in these models suggest that the pattern of tissue integration of biomaterials cannot be assessed through just one tissue engineering approach and one implantation model. There is a need for comparation and consolidation the results obtained from different implantation models in order to investigate the specific aspects of tissue response to biomaterials under various conditions and to evaluate biocompatibility, biofunctionality and effectiveness of biomaterial application. Acknowledgement: This study was supported by the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovations of the Republic of Serbia (Contracts No. 451-03-66/2024-03/200113 and 451-03-65/2024-03/200113).

Key words:
animal models, in vivo, biomaterials, bone tissue engineering, ectopic implantation models, orthotopic implantation models

Thematic field:
SYMPOSIUM B - Biomaterials and nanomedicine

Date of abstract submission:
07.08.2024.

Conference:
Contemporary Materials 2024 - Savremeni Materijali

Applied paper from author