Author(s):
1. Dušan Moravčić, Serbia
2. Tatjana Kanjevac, Univerzitet u Kragujevcu, Srbija, Fakultet Medicinskih Nauka,, Serbia
3. Marko Milosavljević, Univerzitet u Kragujevcu, Srbija, Fakultet Medicinskih Nauka,, Serbia

Abstract:
Introduction: Self-renewal, clonality and differentiation potential are characteristics of stem cells and that’s why nowadays they have become the subject of scientific interest. Stem cell studying would improve our understanding of development process and therapeutic potential of these cells. The technological development led to revelation of small size particles, so called nanoparticles, that can be used in biomedicine. There are numerous possibilities of nanoparticles usage in combination with stem cells. Methodology: A Medline search for articles published in last five years was conducted and 494 publications were found. Key words used for this search were nanoparticles and stem cell therapy. Results: Nanoparticles can be produced by chemical reduction of salts, physical methods (UV irradiation and microwaves) and biological methods (plants and microorganisms). These particles can be used for tracking stem cells after application and to evaluate therapeutic efficacy. Magnetic nanoparticles can be used for targeting of particle labeled cells to desired locations and for activating stem cells to initiate various cellular responses to induce the differentiation. In addition, production of nanopartical scaffolds can improve the therapeutic effect. Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated that some nanoparticles can be safely used for therapy. Conclusion: When considering nanoparticles for biomedical application, the toxic nature of the particles must be investigated. It is shown that cobalt and nickel are toxic to biological entities, while iron-oxide-based particles are considered safer. In addition, noble metals (gold, silver and platinum) can be used for producing nanoparticles. Biological applications of noble metal nanoparticles were studied in cancer diagnosis and therapy, vaccine preparation, improving electrical signaling in the heart etc.

Key words:
nanoparticles, stem cell therapy

Thematic field:
SYMPOSIUM B - Biomaterials and nanomedicine

Date of abstract submission:
15.06.2015.

Conference:
Contemporary Materials 2015 - Savremeni Materijali